Watermarking Images in the Frequency Domain by Exploiting Self-inverting Permutations

Maria Chroni, Angelos Fylakis, Stavros D. Nikolopoulos

2013

Abstract

In this work we propose efficient codec algorithms for watermarking images that are intended for uploading on the web under intellectual property protection. Headed to this direction, we recently suggested a way in which an integer number w which being transformed into a self-inverting permutation, can be represented in a two dimensional (2D) object and thus, since images are 2D structures, we have proposed a watermarking algorithm that embeds marks on them using the 2D representation of w in the spatial domain. Based on the idea behind this technique, we now expand the usage of this concept by marking the image in the frequency domain. In particular, we propose a watermarking technique that also uses the 2D representation of self-inverting permutations and utilizes marking at specific areas thanks to partial modifications of the image's Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Those modifications are made on the magnitude of specific frequency bands and they are the least possible additive information ensuring robustness and imperceptiveness. We have experimentally evaluated our algorithms using various images of different characteristics under JPEG compression. The experimental results show an improvement in comparison to the previously obtained results and they also depict the validity of our proposed codec algorithms.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Chroni M., Fylakis A. and Nikolopoulos S. (2013). Watermarking Images in the Frequency Domain by Exploiting Self-inverting Permutations . In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST, ISBN 978-989-8565-54-9, pages 45-54. DOI: 10.5220/0004371100450054

in Bibtex Style

@conference{webist13,
author={Maria Chroni and Angelos Fylakis and Stavros D. Nikolopoulos},
title={Watermarking Images in the Frequency Domain by Exploiting Self-inverting Permutations},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST,},
year={2013},
pages={45-54},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0004371100450054},
isbn={978-989-8565-54-9},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST,
TI - Watermarking Images in the Frequency Domain by Exploiting Self-inverting Permutations
SN - 978-989-8565-54-9
AU - Chroni M.
AU - Fylakis A.
AU - Nikolopoulos S.
PY - 2013
SP - 45
EP - 54
DO - 10.5220/0004371100450054